Institution: Bank Asia Ltd Exam: Bank Asia Ltd - Management Trainee Officer - 22.05.2015 ||
Topic: Arithmetic Mathematics (পাটিগণিত), Subject: Mathematics (সাধারণ গণিত)

Best Answer Explained in Below-:

To solve the problem, let's denote the list price (LP) as 100 units for simplicity. When a merchant offers a 30% discount, the selling price (SP) becomes:

\[
SP = LP - 30\% \text{ of } LP = 100 - 30 = 70 \text{ units.}
\]

Given that this selling price results in a 16% loss, we can find the cost price (CP) using the loss formula. A loss of 16% means the selling price is 84% of the cost price:

\[
70 = 84\% \text{ of } CP \Rightarrow CP = \frac{70}{0.84} \approx 83.33 \text{ units.}
\]

Now, if the merchant sells the item at a 10% discount, the new selling price will be:

\[
SP = LP - 10\% \text{ of } LP = 100 - 10 = 90 \text{ units.}
\]

To find the profit or loss, we compare the selling price with the cost price:

\[
\text{Profit} = SP - CP = 90 - 83.33 = 6.67 \text{ units.}
\]

To find the profit percentage:

\[
\text{Profit Percentage} = \left(\frac{Profit}{CP}\right) \times 100 = \left(\frac{6.67}{83.33}\right) \times 100 \approx 8\%.
\]

Thus, the merchant makes an 8% profit when selling at a 10% discount on the list price, corresponding to option D.