Institution: AGRANI BANK LTD Exam: Agrani bank Ltd - Senior Officer - 12.02.2010
Topic: International General Knowledge, Subject: International GK (আন্তজার্তিক বিষয়াবলী)

Best Answer Explained in Below-:

The Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009 was awarded to Elinor Ostrom, making her the first woman to receive this prestigious accolade in the field. Ostrom was recognized for her groundbreaking work on the governance of common-pool resources, which challenged the conventional wisdom that such resources would inevitably be overexploited and require external regulation or privatization. Through her extensive empirical research, she demonstrated that local communities could effectively manage common resources, such as fisheries, forests, and irrigation systems, through collective action and self-organization.

Ostrom’s insights emphasized the importance of understanding the diverse institutions and governance mechanisms that communities develop to manage shared resources sustainably. This perspective highlighted that one-size-fits-all solutions are often inadequate for complex social-ecological systems. As a result, her work laid the foundation for a new understanding of resource management, demonstrating that local knowledge and practices can be critical in preventing the depletion of common resources. Ostrom's contributions have had a profound impact on economics, environmental studies, and policy formulation, cementing her legacy in the field. Thus, choice C, Elinor Ostrom, is indeed the correct answer.