Topic: verb (ক্রিয়া),

Best Answer Explained in Below-:

In the sentence "The dog went mad," the verb "went" functions as a copulative verb, also known as a linking verb. Copulative verbs serve to link the subject of a sentence to a subject complement, which provides further information about the subject.

In this case, "went" connects the subject "the dog" to the adjective "mad," describing the dog’s state or condition. Instead of depicting an action performed by the subject, "went" here indicates a change of state—specifically, that the dog has transitioned into a state of madness.

This use of "went" emphasizes the transformation and does not take a direct object, which distinguishes it from transitive verbs that require an object to receive the action. Unlike causative or factitive verbs, which involve causing something to happen or establishing a result, "went" simply denotes a state of being or becoming. Therefore, the correct categorization of "went" in this context is as a copulative verb, highlighting its role in linking the subject to the complement that further describes its condition.