Institution: SONALI BANK LTD Exam: Sonali Bank Ltd - Assistant Programmer - 26.08.2016 ||
Topic: ICT (তথ্য ও যোগাযোগ প্রযুক্তি), Subject: Computer and ICT (তথ্য ও যোগাযোগ প্রযুক্তি)

Best Answer Explained in Below-:

The term "encoding" refers specifically to the process of transforming information into a particular format or representation, making it suitable for storage or transmission. In the context of messages, encoding serves to convert the original message into a coded format that can be easily sent, stored, or processed. This could involve converting text into binary data, compressing data for efficient storage, or even applying encryption for security purposes.

The other options do not fit the definition provided in the question. "Memories" refers to the capacity to retain and recall information, which is unrelated to the process of converting messages. "Decoding," on the other hand, is the opposite of encoding; it involves translating the encoded message back into its original form for understanding.

Thus, "B) Encoding" is the correct choice because it accurately describes the act of transforming a message into an encoded form, facilitating effective communication, data integrity, and security.