The Arab conquest of Sindh by
Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 AD gave the
Muslims a firm foothold on the sub-continent.
Qasim's conquest of Sindh and Punjab laid the
foundations of Islamic rule in the Indian
subcontinent. The description of Hiuen Tsang, a
Chinese historian, leaves no doubt that the social
and economic restrictions inherent in the caste
differentiations of Hindu society had however,
gradually sapped the inner vitality of the social
system and Sindh fell without much resistance
before the Muslim armies.