Institution: AGRANI BANK LTD Exam: Agrani bank Ltd - Senior Officer - 12.08.2011
Topic: ICT (তথ্য ও যোগাযোগ প্রযুক্তি), Subject: Computer and ICT (তথ্য ও যোগাযোগ প্রযুক্তি)

Best Answer Explained in Below-:

The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is essential firmware located on a computer's motherboard that initializes hardware during the booting process before the operating system loads. The correct choice in this context is **B) ROM**, which stands for Read-Only Memory.

ROM is a type of non-volatile memory, meaning that it retains data even when the power is turned off. This characteristic is crucial for BIOS, as it ensures that the system firmware is always available when the computer is powered on, enabling the hardware components to communicate effectively. BIOS is programmed during manufacturing and is not intended to be modified frequently, which aligns with the primary purpose of ROM.

In contrast, options like **D) RAM (Random Access Memory)** are volatile and lose their data when power is removed, while **C) desktop memory** is a broad term that usually refers to RAM. Additionally, **A) monitor** is merely a display device and has no role in storing system firmware. Thus, the most appropriate and accurate answer is **B) ROM**, as it aptly describes where the BIOS is permanently and reliably stored in a computer.